He has called a snap general election after a bruising political setback, turning public frustration into a high-stakes test of his leadership.
Sánchez’s decision follows disappointing results for his center-left Socialist Party in regional and local elections, where conservative opponents made substantial gains.
The early vote is designed to reset the political narrative before rivals can build further momentum, but it also exposes the prime minister to the risk of losing power.
Spain’s conservative People’s Party is seeking to capitalize on the government’s weakened position, while the far-right Vox could become pivotal in determining the next governing coalition.
The election is expected to focus on the economy, housing, public services and Sánchez’s agreements with regional parties, which have drawn criticism from opponents.
With no clear guarantee of a parliamentary majority, the campaign could produce another divided legislature and prolonged coalition negotiations.